NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1, NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Question Answer
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 guides you with the answers to the questions given in the Textbook of Crop Production and Management.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management Solutions will help you to score more marks. It consists of 1 mark question, 2 mark question, 3 mark question, 5 marks numerical question, multiple-choice question, and previous year questions from Crop Production and Management chapter.
Class 8 is an important phase of a student’s life as they are introduced to many new concepts which are essential to set strong basics for the subjects taught in Class 9. To get good marks in Class 8 exam students must solve the given exemplary questions. At the end of each chapter of Class 8 NCERT Books. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Question Answer.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Question Answer
Exercise Questions
Question 1. Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks.
Float, Water, Crop, Nutrients, Preparation
(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called Crop.
(b) The first step before growing crops is the Preparation of the soil.
(c) Damaged seeds would float on top of the water.
(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and water, and nutrients from the soil are essential.
Answer:-
(a) Crop
(b) Preparation
(c) Float
(d) Water, Nutrients
Question 2. Match items in column A with those in column B.
A B
(i) Kharif crops (a) Food for cattle
(ii) Rabi crops (b) Urea and superphosphate
(iii) Chemical fertilisers (c) Animal excreta, cow dung urine, and plant wastes
(iv) Organic manure (d) Wheat, gram, pea
(e) Paddy and maize
Answer:
(i) Kharif crops. (e) Paddy and maize.
(ii) Rabi crops. (d) Wheat, gram, pea.
(iii) Chemical fertilisers. (b) Urea and superphosphate.
(iv) Organic manure. (c) Animal excreta, cow dung urine, and plant wastes.
Question 3. Give two examples of each.
(a) Kharif crop
Answer:- Paddy and maize
(b) Rabi crop
Answer:- Wheat and gram
Question 4. Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following.
(a) Preparation of soil
Answer:- Soil preparation is essential before growing the crop. This includes tilling and loosening the soil. This allows the roots to penetrate deeply into the soil and breathe easily even when deep.
(b) Sowing
Answer:- The process of putting seeds in the soil is called sowing. The equipment (tool) traditionally used for sowing seeds is funnel-shaped. Nowadays seed drill is used for sowing with the help of a tractor. This tool sows the seed uniformly at a proper distance and depth.
(c) Weeding
Answer:- Some unwanted plants grow along with the crop and these unwanted plants are called weeds. The process of removing these unwanted plants is called weeding.
(d) Threshing
Answer:- The process of separating the husk from the crop is called threshing. Threshing is done by a machine called ‘Combine’ which is a harvester as well as a thresher.
Question 5. Explain how fertilisers are different from manure.
Answer:
Question 6. Class 8 Science Chapter 1
What is irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation which conserve water.
Answer:
The supply of water to crops at regular intervals is called irrigation. The main sources of irrigation are wells, tube-wells, ponds, lakes, rivers.
Two methods that help us to conserve water are:
(a) Drip irrigation system:
Here the water goes drop by drop directly to the roots, this method is very useful as it saves water and also helps to avoid weeds.
(b) Sprinkler irrigation system:
This method is mainly used in uneven land where sufficient water is not available. Vertical pipes, having rotating nozzles at the top, are connected to the main pipeline at regular intervals. When water is allowed to flow under pressure from the main pipe with the help of a pump, it is discharged through a rotating nozzle. It sprinkles on the crop as if it is raining.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1
Question 7. If wheat is sown in Kharif season, what will happen? Discuss.
Answer:
Wheat crop is sown from November/December to March/April. It is grown in winter and requires less water. Wheat crops can be destroyed if sown in Kharif season due to unfavorable temperatures, pests, and favorable conditions for plant growth.
Question 8. Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous plantation of crops in a field.
Answer:
Due to the continuous growing of crops in the field, there is a deficiency of some nutrients in the soil. This reduces the fertility of the soil. To make up for this loss, the farmer applies manure to the field. Plants become weak due to insufficient fertilizer.
Continuous plantation of crops results in depletion of certain nutrients like Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, etc. This results in the decrease of yield due to loss of nutrients hence there should be a gap between crops in order to get a good yield.
Question 9. What are weeds? How can we control them?
Answer:
Many other unwanted plants can grow naturally along with the crop in a field. These undesirable plants are called weeds. Weeds can be controlled by methods called weeding. Plowing before sowing the crops helps in uprooting and killing weeds, which later dry up and mix into the soil. Weeds are also controlled by using certain chemicals called weedicides.
Question 10. Arrange the following boxes in the proper order to make a flow chart of sugarcane crop production.
Answer:
Question 11. Complete the following word puzzle with the help of clues given below.
Down
Providing water to the crops.
Keeping crop grains for a long time under proper conditions.
Certain plants of the same kind grown on a large scale.
Across
A machine used for cutting the matured crop.
A Rabi crop that is also one of the pulses.
A process of separating the grain from chaff.
Answer:
Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Extra Questions and Answers
Extra important questions
Question 1. To maintain the nutrient level in the soil, mixed is done with
(a) seeds
(b) manure
(c) insecticide
(d) water
Question 2. The amount of elements that increase in the soil due to the cultivation of leguminous plants is
(a) potash
(b) nitrogen
(c) Phosphorus
(d) ammonia
Question 3. Which of the following is not a traditional method of irrigation?
(a) chain pump
(b) Dheklik
(c) Drip system
(d) relief
Question 4. What is the harvester machine used for?
(a) For Crop Harvesting
(b) Separating the grain of the crop from the straw
(c) removing weeds
(d) sowing seeds
Question 5. Providing water at different intervals in the field is called
(a) irrigation
(b) Threshing
(c) weeding
(d) winning
Answer Table- 1.(b) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (a).
Question 6. Name the bacteria found in the roots of leguminous plants.
Answer – Rhizobium bacterium.
Question 7. What do we get from cod liver oil obtained from fish?
Answer- Vitamin ‘D’.
Question 8. What does it mean to win?
Answer- The method of threshing to separate the grains from the straw is called winnowing.
Read Also- 100 Most Important General Knowledge Questions in Hindi
Question 9. Where do you store seeds on a large scale?
Answer – In silos and warehouses.
Question 10. Name two crops that are harvested at the festival of Holi.
Answer – Wheat and gram are harvested at the festival of Holi.
Question 11. Name any two festivals which coincide with the harvesting season.
Answer- (1) Diwali (2) Holi.
Question 12. What is meant by animal husbandry?
Answer – The study of animal care is known as animal husbandry.
Question 13. Name some animals from which milk can be obtained.
Answer – Milk can be obtained from cows, buffalo, goats, and camels.
Question 14. How is fish useful to us?
Answer – Fish is a highly nutritious and easily digestible food. Cod liver oil derived from fish is also a rich source of vitamin D.
Question 15. Name some animals which are reared for their meat.
Answer – Sheep, goats, pigs, poultry, and fish are reared for their meat.
Question 16. Why is honey so useful?
Answer – Honey is an antiseptic and its enzymes help in digestion. It is also used in making many Ayurvedic medicines.
Question 17. What is soil? Why is it necessary for plants?
Answer – The top layer of the earth in which plants grow is called soil. Following are the functions of soil in agriculture-
(1) Soil provides essential nutrients for the growth of plants.
(2) Soil provides water to growing plants.
(3) Soil also provides oxygen to the roots of plants by aeration.
(4) The soil holds the roots of the plants firmly, with the help of which the plants of the crops are able to stand.
Question 18. How are crop seeds selected?
Answer- Good quality seeds should be selected before sowing. Good quality seeds are clean and healthy seeds of good quality. Good seeds increase the quantity of the crop and the crop is also good in terms of quality. When good seeds are put in water, they settle in the water. Seeds that float on water become hollow and damaged.
Question 19. What is Fertilizer? How many types are these? What are their benefits?
Answer- Fertilizers- These are chemical substances that are rich in special nutrients. They are produced in factories. Fertilizers are generally of the following types-
(1) Urea
(2) ammonium sulphate
(3) super phosphate
(4) potash
(5) NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium).
Benefits- The use of fertilizer helps us to get a good yield of crops like wheat, paddy, and maize.
Question 20. What is crop rotation? Explain.
Answer- Crop rotation- In this process, one crop after the other is grown in turn and prepared. For example, there is no deficiency of nitrogen in the soil by growing pulses in one crop and preparing wheat for the second time. This type of crop replenishes the nutrients in the soil.
Question 21. How does a plough work?
Answer – A plough is an agricultural implement used for tilling and loosening of soil. It has a triangular iron strip called plough share. Plough shaft is the main part made of a long wooden log. The other end is hung on the bull’s necks. The plough can be with two bulls and one person.
Question 22. Why do plants need water? Explain.
Answer- importance of water for plants
Water is very important for plants. Plants contain about 90% water. The importance of water in plants is thus clear.
(1) Water is essential for the growth and development of flowers, fruits, and seeds of plants.
(2) Water is obtained from the roots of plants. Minerals and fertilizers are also absorbed along with water.
(3) Germination of seeds is impossible in dry conditions, germination is possible only with water.
(4) The transfer of nutrients in plants takes place only through water.
(5) Water protects the crop from frost and hot wind.
So for a good crop, we should keep irrigating regularly.
Question 23. Which is the most efficient method of irrigation in uneven land? Describe this method.
Answer- The most effective method of irrigation in uneven land is a sprinkler system. Sprinkler System – This method is used for uneven land where water is available in less quantity. In this method, rotating tubes are attached to the upper ends of the vertical pipes. These pipes are connected to the main pipe at a certain distance. When water is sent to the main pipe with the help of a pump, it comes out from the rotating nozzle. It is sprayed on the plants as if it is raining.
Question 24. What is meant by harvesting crops? What equipment is used for this?
Answer- When the standing crop in the field is ready after ripening, then it is called harvesting. In the process of harvesting, either the plants are pulled up or they are cut near the ground. The names of tools used for harvesting crops are sickle and harvester. In our country even today the harvesting of crops is done mostly by the use of sickles and sickles. The use of harvesting equipment called harvesters for harvesting crops is also increasing gradually.
Question 25. What will happen if ‘Rhizobium’ is removed from the nodules of the roots of leguminous plants?
Answer- Rhizobium bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen in the nodules. If these are removed, the leguminous plants will be deficient in nitrogen nutrients and plant growth will be stunted.
Essay question
Question 1. How are agricultural products stored?
Answer- Crop storage- To keep the grains of the crop for a long time, it is necessary to keep them safe from moisture, insects, rats, and microorganisms. It is necessary to dry the seeds (seeds) in the sun before storage, due to this loss of moisture protects the seeds from insect pests, bacteria, and fungi. Farmers store their crop produce in jute sacks, large metal bins. But the seeds are stored on a large scale in silos and granaries to keep them safe from pests such as rats and insects. The dried leaves of Neem are used for storing food grains in homes. Chemical treatment is also done in large warehouses to keep the grain safe from pests and microorganisms.
Crop Production and Management
Lesson Summary- Class 8 Science Chapter 1
(1) Living organisms use the energy obtained from food in various biological processes. We get food from plants or animals or both.
(2) Plants of the same type which grow at a place are called crops. It is mainly of two types Rabi and Kharif.
(3) To grow the crop the farmer has to do the following activities-
(i) Soil preparation
(ii) sowing
(iii) Manures and Fertilizers
(iv) Irrigation protection from weed
(vi) Harvesting
(vii) Storage.
(4) Use agricultural equipment to prepare the soil for crops.
(5) Select good quality seeds and sow them at the proper depth and keep a proper distance between them. This work is done by seed drill.
(6) Manure and fertilizers are used to maintain the nutrient level of the soil.
(7) Irrigation of the field from time to time increases the production. For this sprinkler system and drip system should be used.
(8) Removal of weeds is called weeding. Ripe crops should be harvested by hand or machine.
(9) Food is also obtained by animal husbandry.
Class 8 Science Chapter 1, These solutions help you to score good marks as they cover important concepts in different patterns like MCQs and short answer questions, extra important questions, and much more. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 is given here for better understanding and clarification of the topic.